We should all be concerned about college student retention
/By Victor B. Neves and David Johnston
The degree to which college students are capable of successfully moving from matriculation to graduation, described as “retention” or “persistence,” should be a concern for all of us. Employers regularly complain that the skills needed for the workplace are lacking. Policy wonks lament the declining ratio of productive workers to retirees, now about three to one, down drastically from decades ago – an ominous threat to the solvency of the Social Security system, as well as the viability of the economy and the health care system.
All the more reason to maximize proven, but not always followed, ways that can boost college persistence to graduation and through to employment.
- Colleges collaborate with high schools to expose high school students to college life -so-called bridge programs – and to help students earn college credits, through early college or dual enrollment programs.
- About 70 percent of Hartford high school grads are accepted into some form of higher education, but only 50 percent matriculate. Community-based agencies increasingly practice “seamless counseling” — working with college-accepted high school grads to avoid “summer melt,” to assure these young people make it to campus after earning acceptance to college, and to continue to support these students once they are enrolled.
- Once on campus more students are enrolled in first-year experience programs that teach “college survival” – indispensable skills that can be the difference between staying and dropping out.
- More first generation college students are mentored by older students. For students of color, connecting with a mentor who looks like them is also a powerful retention factor. A national study of “black male college student success,” documented the value of such relationships
- Campuses practice “intrusive advising” that follows the progress of challenged students closely and intervenes quickly when they struggle. Too many challenged students have non-academic obstacles that seriously disrupt their progress, and at times end their college careers before they’ve really begun. Less than hone-quarter of community college students move on to achieve a degree.
- All students, but especially challenged students, are repeatedly encouraged to get involved on campus – a proven retention factor. Stepping up the “ask” can bring results that make retention more likely – a tougher challenge at non-residential community colleges, but some do this well.
- Colleges encourage, and hire, faculty who use more “student-centric,” interactive teaching styles, with new technologies increasingly integrated into the curriculum. Some veteran faculty resist, others adapt. Traditional academic content will still be central – as it should be – but teaching, to be truly effective, has to accommodate today’s technology and media-savvy students, and use interactive approaches.
- Community college students, including older students, are increasingly being guided more quickly into career paths, ideally related to job growth areas, to reduce the confusion of too many choices and too little direction. Student majors can be changed, but a clear pathway from the get-go works wonders.
- More schools provide a platform in which students can showcase their accomplishments – for example, “E-Portfolios” that incorporate student work and achievements from enrollment all the way to graduation, providing students a tangible way of seeing their progress towards reaching their goals.
- Campuses, back-stopped by changing federal policies, existing and proposed (e.g., free community college), are becoming more creative with financial aid; and lower-income community college and state university students have more access to more adequate financial aid.
These “wrap-around” strategies, and others, are effective. National research and anecdotal experience in Connecticut point clearly in these directions. However, they continue to be the exception in Connecticut, with progress towards implementation sporadic at best.
Employers, college administrators and faculty, community leaders, legislators, parents and students need to advocate for such effective creativity. The benefits will accrue not only to students and their families, but the communities and businesses of Connecticut in desperate need of the vitality and vibrancy that a new generation of ready, willing and able college graduates can bring to the state we share.
Victor B. Neves studies Business Administration at Central Connecticut State University. He chairs the Student Committee of the Center for Higher Education Retention Excellence (CHERE), based in Hartford, a program partner of the Hartford Consortium for Higher Education. David Johnston is Executive Director of the Center for Higher Education Retention Excellence.
